᚛ᚔ ᚑᚁᚃᚔᚑᚒᚄᚂᚔ ᚉᚐᚋᚓ ᚈᚑ ᚄᚈ ᚌᚐᚂᚂᚓᚅ ᚈᚑ ᚏᚓᚉᚑᚅᚅᚓᚉᚈ ᚒᚒᚔᚈᚆ ᚋᚔ ᚔᚏᚔᚄᚆ ᚆᚓᚏᚔᚈᚐᚌᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔᚃ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚐᚏᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚇᚔᚅᚌ ᚈᚆᚔᚄ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚋᚒᚄᚈ ᚆᚐᚃᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚂᚂᚔ ᚚᚒᚈ ᚄᚑᚋᚓ ᚓᚃᚃᚑᚏᚈ ᚔᚅ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚑᚋᚆᚌᚆᚐᚔᚏᚇᚓᚐᚄ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚐᚂᚂ ᚋᚓ ᚃᚑᚏ ᚔᚑᚒᚏ ᚚᚏᚔᚎᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔ ᚑᚁᚃᚔᚑᚒᚄᚂᚔ ᚉᚐᚋᚓ ᚈᚑ ᚄᚈ ᚌᚐᚂᚂᚓᚅ ᚈᚑ ᚏᚓᚉᚑᚅᚅᚓᚉᚈ ᚒᚒᚔᚈᚆ ᚋᚔ ᚔᚏᚔᚄᚆ ᚆᚓᚏᚔᚈᚐᚌᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔᚃ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚐᚏᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚇᚔᚅᚌ ᚈᚆᚔᚄ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚋᚒᚄᚈ ᚆᚐᚃᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚂᚂᚔ ᚚᚒᚈ ᚄᚑᚋᚓ ᚓᚃᚃᚑᚏᚈ ᚔᚅ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚑᚋᚆᚌᚆᚐᚔᚏᚇᚓᚐᚄ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚐᚂᚂ ᚋᚓ ᚃᚑᚏ ᚔᚑᚒᚏ ᚚᚏᚔᚎᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔ ᚑᚁᚃᚔᚑᚒᚄᚂᚔ ᚉᚐᚋᚓ ᚈᚑ ᚄᚈ ᚌᚐᚂᚂᚓᚅ ᚈᚑ ᚏᚓᚉᚑᚅᚅᚓᚉᚈ ᚒᚒᚔᚈᚆ ᚋᚔ ᚔᚏᚔᚄᚆ ᚆᚓᚏᚔᚈᚐᚌᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔᚃ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚐᚏᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚇᚔᚅᚌ ᚈᚆᚔᚄ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚋᚒᚄᚈ ᚆᚐᚃᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚂᚂᚔ ᚚᚒᚈ ᚄᚑᚋᚓ ᚓᚃᚃᚑᚏᚈ ᚔᚅ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚑᚋᚆᚌᚆᚐᚔᚏᚇᚓᚐᚄ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚐᚂᚂ ᚋᚓ ᚃᚑᚏ ᚔᚑᚒᚏ ᚚᚏᚔᚎᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔ ᚑᚁᚃᚔᚑᚒᚄᚂᚔ ᚉᚐᚋᚓ ᚈᚑ ᚄᚈ ᚌᚐᚂᚂᚓᚅ ᚈᚑ ᚏᚓᚉᚑᚅᚅᚓᚉᚈ ᚒᚒᚔᚈᚆ ᚋᚔ ᚔᚏᚔᚄᚆ ᚆᚓᚏᚔᚈᚐᚌᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔᚃ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚐᚏᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚇᚔᚅᚌ ᚈᚆᚔᚄ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚋᚒᚄᚈ ᚆᚐᚃᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚂᚂᚔ ᚚᚒᚈ ᚄᚑᚋᚓ ᚓᚃᚃᚑᚏᚈ ᚔᚅ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚑᚋᚆᚌᚆᚐᚔᚏᚇᚓᚐᚄ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚐᚂᚂ ᚋᚓ ᚃᚑᚏ ᚔᚑᚒᚏ ᚚᚏᚔᚎᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔ ᚑᚁᚃᚔᚑᚒᚄᚂᚔ ᚉᚐᚋᚓ ᚈᚑ ᚄᚈ ᚌᚐᚂᚂᚓᚅ ᚈᚑ ᚏᚓᚉᚑᚅᚅᚓᚉᚈ ᚒᚒᚔᚈᚆ ᚋᚔ ᚔᚏᚔᚄᚆ ᚆᚓᚏᚔᚈᚐᚌᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔᚃ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚐᚏᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚇᚔᚅᚌ ᚈᚆᚔᚄ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚋᚒᚄᚈ ᚆᚐᚃᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚂᚂᚔ ᚚᚒᚈ ᚄᚑᚋᚓ ᚓᚃᚃᚑᚏᚈ ᚔᚅ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚑᚋᚆᚌᚆᚐᚔᚏᚇᚓᚐᚄ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚐᚂᚂ ᚋᚓ ᚃᚑᚏ ᚔᚑᚒᚏ ᚚᚏᚔᚎᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔ ᚑᚁᚃᚔᚑᚒᚄᚂᚔ ᚉᚐᚋᚓ ᚈᚑ ᚄᚈ ᚌᚐᚂᚂᚓᚅ ᚈᚑ ᚏᚓᚉᚑᚅᚅᚓᚉᚈ ᚒᚒᚔᚈᚆ ᚋᚔ ᚔᚏᚔᚄᚆ ᚆᚓᚏᚔᚈᚐᚌᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔᚃ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚐᚏᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚇᚔᚅᚌ ᚈᚆᚔᚄ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚋᚒᚄᚈ ᚆᚐᚃᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚂᚂᚔ ᚚᚒᚈ ᚄᚑᚋᚓ ᚓᚃᚃᚑᚏᚈ ᚔᚅ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚑᚋᚆᚌᚆᚐᚔᚏᚇᚓᚐᚄ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚐᚂᚂ ᚋᚓ ᚃᚑᚏ ᚔᚑᚒᚏ ᚚᚏᚔᚎᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔ ᚑᚁᚃᚔᚑᚒᚄᚂᚔ ᚉᚐᚋᚓ ᚈᚑ ᚄᚈ ᚌᚐᚂᚂᚓᚅ ᚈᚑ ᚏᚓᚉᚑᚅᚅᚓᚉᚈ ᚒᚒᚔᚈᚆ ᚋᚔ ᚔᚏᚔᚄᚆ ᚆᚓᚏᚔᚈᚐᚌᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔᚃ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚐᚏᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚇᚔᚅᚌ ᚈᚆᚔᚄ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚋᚒᚄᚈ ᚆᚐᚃᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚂᚂᚔ ᚚᚒᚈ ᚄᚑᚋᚓ ᚓᚃᚃᚑᚏᚈ ᚔᚅ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚑᚋᚆᚌᚆᚐᚔᚏᚇᚓᚐᚄ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚐᚂᚂ ᚋᚓ ᚃᚑᚏ ᚔᚑᚒᚏ ᚚᚏᚔᚎᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔ ᚑᚁᚃᚔᚑᚒᚄᚂᚔ ᚉᚐᚋᚓ ᚈᚑ ᚄᚈ ᚌᚐᚂᚂᚓᚅ ᚈᚑ ᚏᚓᚉᚑᚅᚅᚓᚉᚈ ᚒᚒᚔᚈᚆ ᚋᚔ ᚔᚏᚔᚄᚆ ᚆᚓᚏᚔᚈᚐᚌᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔᚃ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚐᚏᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚇᚔᚅᚌ ᚈᚆᚔᚄ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚋᚒᚄᚈ ᚆᚐᚃᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚂᚂᚔ ᚚᚒᚈ ᚄᚑᚋᚓ ᚓᚃᚃᚑᚏᚈ ᚔᚅ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚑᚋᚆᚌᚆᚐᚔᚏᚇᚓᚐᚄ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚐᚂᚂ ᚋᚓ ᚃᚑᚏ ᚔᚑᚒᚏ ᚚᚏᚔᚎᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔ ᚑᚁᚃᚔᚑᚒᚄᚂᚔ ᚉᚐᚋᚓ ᚈᚑ ᚄᚈ ᚌᚐᚂᚂᚓᚅ ᚈᚑ ᚏᚓᚉᚑᚅᚅᚓᚉᚈ ᚒᚒᚔᚈᚆ ᚋᚔ ᚔᚏᚔᚄᚆ ᚆᚓᚏᚔᚈᚐᚌᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔᚃ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚐᚏᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚇᚔᚅᚌ ᚈᚆᚔᚄ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚋᚒᚄᚈ ᚆᚐᚃᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚂᚂᚔ ᚚᚒᚈ ᚄᚑᚋᚓ ᚓᚃᚃᚑᚏᚈ ᚔᚅ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚑᚋᚆᚌᚆᚐᚔᚏᚇᚓᚐᚄ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚐᚂᚂ ᚋᚓ ᚃᚑᚏ ᚔᚑᚒᚏ ᚚᚏᚔᚎᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔ ᚑᚁᚃᚔᚑᚒᚄᚂᚔ ᚉᚐᚋᚓ ᚈᚑ ᚄᚈ ᚌᚐᚂᚂᚓᚅ ᚈᚑ ᚏᚓᚉᚑᚅᚅᚓᚉᚈ ᚒᚒᚔᚈᚆ ᚋᚔ ᚔᚏᚔᚄᚆ ᚆᚓᚏᚔᚈᚐᚌᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔᚃ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚐᚏᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚇᚔᚅᚌ ᚈᚆᚔᚄ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚋᚒᚄᚈ ᚆᚐᚃᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚂᚂᚔ ᚚᚒᚈ ᚄᚑᚋᚓ ᚓᚃᚃᚑᚏᚈ ᚔᚅ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚑᚋᚆᚌᚆᚐᚔᚏᚇᚓᚐᚄ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚐᚂᚂ ᚋᚓ ᚃᚑᚏ ᚔᚑᚒᚏ ᚚᚏᚔᚎᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔ ᚑᚁᚃᚔᚑᚒᚄᚂᚔ ᚉᚐᚋᚓ ᚈᚑ ᚄᚈ ᚌᚐᚂᚂᚓᚅ ᚈᚑ ᚏᚓᚉᚑᚅᚅᚓᚉᚈ ᚒᚒᚔᚈᚆ ᚋᚔ ᚔᚏᚔᚄᚆ ᚆᚓᚏᚔᚈᚐᚌᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔᚃ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚐᚏᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚇᚔᚅᚌ ᚈᚆᚔᚄ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚋᚒᚄᚈ ᚆᚐᚃᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚂᚂᚔ ᚚᚒᚈ ᚄᚑᚋᚓ ᚓᚃᚃᚑᚏᚈ ᚔᚅ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚑᚋᚆᚌᚆᚐᚔᚏᚇᚓᚐᚄ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚐᚂᚂ ᚋᚓ ᚃᚑᚏ ᚔᚑᚒᚏ ᚚᚏᚔᚎᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔ ᚑᚁᚃᚔᚑᚒᚄᚂᚔ ᚉᚐᚋᚓ ᚈᚑ ᚄᚈ ᚌᚐᚂᚂᚓᚅ ᚈᚑ ᚏᚓᚉᚑᚅᚅᚓᚉᚈ ᚒᚒᚔᚈᚆ ᚋᚔ ᚔᚏᚔᚄᚆ ᚆᚓᚏᚔᚈᚐᚌᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔᚃ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚐᚏᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚇᚔᚅᚌ ᚈᚆᚔᚄ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚋᚒᚄᚈ ᚆᚐᚃᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚂᚂᚔ ᚚᚒᚈ ᚄᚑᚋᚓ ᚓᚃᚃᚑᚏᚈ ᚔᚅ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚑᚋᚆᚌᚆᚐᚔᚏᚇᚓᚐᚄ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚐᚂᚂ ᚋᚓ ᚃᚑᚏ ᚔᚑᚒᚏ ᚚᚏᚔᚎᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔ ᚑᚁᚃᚔᚑᚒᚄᚂᚔ ᚉᚐᚋᚓ ᚈᚑ ᚄᚈ ᚌᚐᚂᚂᚓᚅ ᚈᚑ ᚏᚓᚉᚑᚅᚅᚓᚉᚈ ᚒᚒᚔᚈᚆ ᚋᚔ ᚔᚏᚔᚄᚆ ᚆᚓᚏᚔᚈᚐᚌᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔᚃ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚐᚏᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚇᚔᚅᚌ ᚈᚆᚔᚄ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚋᚒᚄᚈ ᚆᚐᚃᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚂᚂᚔ ᚚᚒᚈ ᚄᚑᚋᚓ ᚓᚃᚃᚑᚏᚈ ᚔᚅ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚑᚋᚆᚌᚆᚐᚔᚏᚇᚓᚐᚄ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚐᚂᚂ ᚋᚓ ᚃᚑᚏ ᚔᚑᚒᚏ ᚚᚏᚔᚎᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔ ᚑᚁᚃᚔᚑᚒᚄᚂᚔ ᚉᚐᚋᚓ ᚈᚑ ᚄᚈ ᚌᚐᚂᚂᚓᚅ ᚈᚑ ᚏᚓᚉᚑᚅᚅᚓᚉᚈ ᚒᚒᚔᚈᚆ ᚋᚔ ᚔᚏᚔᚄᚆ ᚆᚓᚏᚔᚈᚐᚌᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔᚃ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚐᚏᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚇᚔᚅᚌ ᚈᚆᚔᚄ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚋᚒᚄᚈ ᚆᚐᚃᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚂᚂᚔ ᚚᚒᚈ ᚄᚑᚋᚓ ᚓᚃᚃᚑᚏᚈ ᚔᚅ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚑᚋᚆᚌᚆᚐᚔᚏᚇᚓᚐᚄ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚐᚂᚂ ᚋᚓ ᚃᚑᚏ ᚔᚑᚒᚏ ᚚᚏᚔᚎᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔ ᚑᚁᚃᚔᚑᚒᚄᚂᚔ ᚉᚐᚋᚓ ᚈᚑ ᚄᚈ ᚌᚐᚂᚂᚓᚅ ᚈᚑ ᚏᚓᚉᚑᚅᚅᚓᚉᚈ ᚒᚒᚔᚈᚆ ᚋᚔ ᚔᚏᚔᚄᚆ ᚆᚓᚏᚔᚈᚐᚌᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔᚃ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚐᚏᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚇᚔᚅᚌ ᚈᚆᚔᚄ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚋᚒᚄᚈ ᚆᚐᚃᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚂᚂᚔ ᚚᚒᚈ ᚄᚑᚋᚓ ᚓᚃᚃᚑᚏᚈ ᚔᚅ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚑᚋᚆᚌᚆᚐᚔᚏᚇᚓᚐᚄ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚐᚂᚂ ᚋᚓ ᚃᚑᚏ ᚔᚑᚒᚏ ᚚᚏᚔᚎᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔ ᚑᚁᚃᚔᚑᚒᚄᚂᚔ ᚉᚐᚋᚓ ᚈᚑ ᚄᚈ ᚌᚐᚂᚂᚓᚅ ᚈᚑ ᚏᚓᚉᚑᚅᚅᚓᚉᚈ ᚒᚒᚔᚈᚆ ᚋᚔ ᚔᚏᚔᚄᚆ ᚆᚓᚏᚔᚈᚐᚌᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔᚃ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚐᚏᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚇᚔᚅᚌ ᚈᚆᚔᚄ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚋᚒᚄᚈ ᚆᚐᚃᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚂᚂᚔ ᚚᚒᚈ ᚄᚑᚋᚓ ᚓᚃᚃᚑᚏᚈ ᚔᚅ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚑᚋᚆᚌᚆᚐᚔᚏᚇᚓᚐᚄ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚐᚂᚂ ᚋᚓ ᚃᚑᚏ ᚔᚑᚒᚏ ᚚᚏᚔᚎᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔ ᚑᚁᚃᚔᚑᚒᚄᚂᚔ ᚉᚐᚋᚓ ᚈᚑ ᚄᚈ ᚌᚐᚂᚂᚓᚅ ᚈᚑ ᚏᚓᚉᚑᚅᚅᚓᚉᚈ ᚒᚒᚔᚈᚆ ᚋᚔ ᚔᚏᚔᚄᚆ ᚆᚓᚏᚔᚈᚐᚌᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔᚃ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚐᚏᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚇᚔᚅᚌ ᚈᚆᚔᚄ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚋᚒᚄᚈ ᚆᚐᚃᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚂᚂᚔ ᚚᚒᚈ ᚄᚑᚋᚓ ᚓᚃᚃᚑᚏᚈ ᚔᚅ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚑᚋᚆᚌᚆᚐᚔᚏᚇᚓᚐᚄ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚐᚂᚂ ᚋᚓ ᚃᚑᚏ ᚔᚑᚒᚏ ᚚᚏᚔᚎᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔ ᚑᚁᚃᚔᚑᚒᚄᚂᚔ ᚉᚐᚋᚓ ᚈᚑ ᚄᚈ ᚌᚐᚂᚂᚓᚅ ᚈᚑ ᚏᚓᚉᚑᚅᚅᚓᚉᚈ ᚒᚒᚔᚈᚆ ᚋᚔ ᚔᚏᚔᚄᚆ ᚆᚓᚏᚔᚈᚐᚌᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔᚃ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚐᚏᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚇᚔᚅᚌ ᚈᚆᚔᚄ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚋᚒᚄᚈ ᚆᚐᚃᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚂᚂᚔ ᚚᚒᚈ ᚄᚑᚋᚓ ᚓᚃᚃᚑᚏᚈ ᚔᚅ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚑᚋᚆᚌᚆᚐᚔᚏᚇᚓᚐᚄ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚐᚂᚂ ᚋᚓ ᚃᚑᚏ ᚔᚑᚒᚏ ᚚᚏᚔᚎᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔ ᚑᚁᚃᚔᚑᚒᚄᚂᚔ ᚉᚐᚋᚓ ᚈᚑ ᚄᚈ ᚌᚐᚂᚂᚓᚅ ᚈᚑ ᚏᚓᚉᚑᚅᚅᚓᚉᚈ ᚒᚒᚔᚈᚆ ᚋᚔ ᚔᚏᚔᚄᚆ ᚆᚓᚏᚔᚈᚐᚌᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔᚃ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚐᚏᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚇᚔᚅᚌ ᚈᚆᚔᚄ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚋᚒᚄᚈ ᚆᚐᚃᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚂᚂᚔ ᚚᚒᚈ ᚄᚑᚋᚓ ᚓᚃᚃᚑᚏᚈ ᚔᚅ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚑᚋᚆᚌᚆᚐᚔᚏᚇᚓᚐᚄ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚐᚂᚂ ᚋᚓ ᚃᚑᚏ ᚔᚑᚒᚏ ᚚᚏᚔᚎᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔ ᚑᚁᚃᚔᚑᚒᚄᚂᚔ ᚉᚐᚋᚓ ᚈᚑ ᚄᚈ ᚌᚐᚂᚂᚓᚅ ᚈᚑ ᚏᚓᚉᚑᚅᚅᚓᚉᚈ ᚒᚒᚔᚈᚆ ᚋᚔ ᚔᚏᚔᚄᚆ ᚆᚓᚏᚔᚈᚐᚌᚓ᚜ ᚛ᚔᚃ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚐᚏᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚇᚔᚅᚌ ᚈᚆᚔᚄ ᚔᚑᚒ ᚋᚒᚄᚈ ᚆᚐᚃᚓ ᚏᚓᚐᚂᚂᚔ ᚚᚒᚈ ᚄᚑᚋᚓ ᚓᚃᚃᚑᚏᚈ ᚔᚅ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚑᚋᚆᚌᚆᚐᚔᚏᚇᚓᚐᚄ᚜ ᚛ᚉᚐᚂᚂ ᚋᚓ ᚃᚑᚏ ᚔᚑᚒᚏ ᚚᚏᚔᚎᚓ᚜
In ~850 an Irish monk was transcribing Latin grammar. The manuscript lives today in the Abbey Library of St. Gallen and is one of the most important sources of Old Irish (6th–10th century) writing. But it also contains one of the earliest examples of the Ogham alphabet (4th–10th century) in a manuscript. Ogham was the first written form of Irish. The monk used it to say
᚛ᚂᚐᚈᚆᚓᚔᚏᚈ=latheirt=Ale [lait] + killed [ort]=excessive ale-consumption=he had a massive hangover